Nursemaid’s Elbow: Signs, Treatment, and First Aid Awareness
Nursemaid’s elbow is a common injury in young children, most often affecting those between 1 and 4 years of age. It occurs when the radius bone in the forearm partially slips out of its normal position at the elbow joint.
This injury usually happens when a child’s arm is pulled suddenly or forcefully, such as when lifting, swinging, or yanking a child by the hand or wrist.
Because young children’s bones and ligaments are still developing, even a small amount of force can cause this injury.
Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only and does not replace medical care. To learn how to recognize and respond to elbow injuries, enroll in workplace-approved first aid training.
How Nursemaid’s Elbow Happens
Common situations that may cause nursemaid’s elbow include:
- Pulling a child’s arm to prevent a fall
- Lifting a child by the hands or wrists
- Swinging a child by the arms
- Yanking a child who refuses to move
- Falling on an outstretched arm
Signs and Symptoms of Nursemaid’s Elbow
Symptoms usually appear suddenly and may include:
- Pain in the elbow, shoulder, or wrist
- The child refusing to use or move the affected arm
- Holding the arm close to the body
- Mild swelling or tenderness around the elbow
- Crying when the arm is touched or moved
The arm may appear slightly bent or limp, but visible deformity is usually minimal.
What to Do If Nursemaid’s Elbow Is Suspected
If you suspect a child has nursemaid’s elbow:
- Seek medical attention immediately
- Do not attempt to straighten the arm or put the bone back into place
- Keep the arm still and comfortable
- Use a sling (such as a triangular bandage) if available
- Follow the advice of healthcare professionals
Even if the child begins using the arm again, a medical evaluation is still recommended.
Medical Treatment
Diagnosis is usually made through physical examination and, in some cases, imaging such as X-rays. A healthcare professional may gently guide the bone back into position. Recovery is often quick once treated, though a sling or splint may be used temporarily.
Prevention Tips for Caregivers
Because children’s joints are delicate, prevention is key:
- Do not pull or tug on a child’s arms
- Avoid lifting children by their hands or wrists
- Do not swing children by their arms
- Lift children from under the arms instead
The Role of First Aid Training
Childcare first aid training helps parents, caregivers, and educators:
- Recognize injuries like nursemaid’s elbow
- Respond calmly and safely
- Know when medical care is required
- Prevent common childhood injuries
At Hamilton First Aid, our childcare first aid and CPR courses focus on injury recognition, prevention, and proper emergency response for infants and young children.